改性丙-叔共聚乳液在天然石漆生产中的应用

以丙烯酸酯-叔碳酸乙烯酯共聚乳液为基料生产的天然石漆，具有形象逼真、不褪色、耐水耐碱性好、抗紫外线辐射性强等特点。     

稀土复合热稳定剂对聚氯乙烯性能影响研究

主要以有机锡热稳定剂为对比物，研究了稀土热稳定剂对聚氯乙烯(PVC)的热稳定性及其他性能的影响。稀土热稳定剂对PVC的力学性能、加工性能都有不同程度的提高，稀土热稳定剂的热稳定性能符合PVC的加工条件要求，并研究了抗冲改性剂ACR(丙烯酸酯共聚物)对体系的影响。     

聚硅氧烷-丙烯酸酯共聚物互改性产物的表面特性

通过测定参照液体在固体表面的接触角，计算固体的表面能及固体／液体接触体系的粘附功，考查了聚硅氧烷-丙烯酸酯共聚物互改性产物的表面特性及其对粘接性能影响。     

Thickness and composition dependence of the glass transition temperature in thin random copolymer films

Glass transition temperatures (T_g) of thin poly(styrene-co-methyl methacrylate) and poly(2-vinyl pyridine-co-styrene) films coated on a native oxide surface of Si wafer (100) were measured by ellipsometry. The thickness dependence of T_g can be properly fitted by previously suggested equation developed for homopolymers, based upon a continuous multi-layer model, although one component in thin random copolymer films demonstrates a slightly favorable interaction between a substrate and thin film, and another demonstrates a strongly favorable interaction. Surface and interface have a strong influence on T_g of thin film coated on substrate: the surface has the effect of reducing T_g, whereas the interface increases the T_g according to the degree of interaction between a substrate and thin film. This degree of interaction can be quantified as an interaction parameter (k), and is dependent on the composition of random copolymers. For the estimation of k values of thin random copolymer films, we proposed a parallel type additive function (1/k_ran=w₁/k₁+w₂/k₂) where w is a weight fraction of component.     

不同螺杆组合和加料工艺对改性ABS力学性能的影响

介绍啮合同向双螺杆挤出机的常用螺杆组合元件并对螺杆组合进行优化,研究了不同螺杆组合和加料工艺对改性(丙烯腈/丁二烯/苯乙烯)共聚物(ABS)力学性能的影响,并设计出适合于改性ABS加工的螺杆组合及加料工艺。结果表明,采用适当的螺杆组合和分开加料方式制得的改性ABS的力学性能得到显著提高。     

Surface modification of tetrafluoroethylene–perfluoroalkyl vinylether copolymer (PFA) by plasmas for copper metallization

Tetrafluoroethylene–perfluoroalkyl vinylether copolymer (PFA) sheet surfaces were modified with argon, helium, oxygen, and hydrogen plasmas. How the four plasmas modified the PFA sheet surfaces was investigated. All plasmas modified the PFA surfaces and at the same time initiated degradation of the PFA polymer chains. The balance between modification and degradation was strongly influenced by the magnitude of the discharge current in the plasmas. Efficiency of the plasmas in modification was hydrogen plasma > oxygen plasma > argon plasma > helium plasma. The modification involved defluorination of CF₂ carbons into CHF and CH₂ carbons and oxidation into O? CH₂, O? CHF, and O? CF₂ groups. The surface‐modification technique (a combination of hydrogen plasma treatment and silane coupling treatment) proposed in this study was applied for copper metallization of the PFA surface. The utility of the technique was confirmed. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 85: 1087–1097, 2002     

HIPS/EVA/CB体系的相容性

研究了炭黑(CB)对高抗冲聚苯乙烯(HIPS)/乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA)共混体系相容性的影响,并预测了共混体系的相形态转变点。填充CB后,当EVA用量大于50 phr时,碳氧双键伸缩振动峰的位置由1 737.9cm~(-1)偏移到1 706.5 cm~(-1)附近,且在1 240.0 cm~(-1)附近的碳氧单键峰减弱,近乎消失。采用半经验公式对共混体系进行理论预测,HIPS/EVA/CB共混体系理论上发生相形态转变时,HIPS的临界质量分数为50%～60%,经傅里叶变换红外光谱和扫描电子显微镜照片分析,共混体系发生相形态转变时,HIPS的质量分数约为42%。     

乙烯-辛烯共聚物/再生丁基橡胶热塑性弹性体的制备及其性能

采用动态硫化法制备了乙烯-辛烯共聚物(POE)/再生丁基橡胶(RIIR)热塑性弹性体(TPE),考察了共混比、硫黄、软化剂白油和炭黑N330对TPE力学性能的影响,研究了TPE的动态力学性能和流变性能。结果表明,当POE/RIIR(质量比)为2/1、硫黄为0.5份、软化剂白油为20份、炭黑为30份时,TPE的综合力学性能较佳;POE和RIIR具有较好的相容性;当体系中加入白油时,TPE的动态复数黏度(η*)降低,炭黑的加入使TPE的η*迅速增大。     

2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵壳聚糖的制备及其表征

以脱乙酰度为90%的壳聚糖(CTS)为原料,异丙醇为溶剂,w(NaOH)=40 0%的水溶液为催化剂,3 氯 2 羟丙基三甲基氯化铵(CTA)为改性剂,在m(NaOH)∶m(CTS)=1 0∶1 0,m(CTA)∶m(CTS)=4 0∶1 0,反应温度65 0℃下制备了2 羟丙基三甲基氯化铵壳聚糖(HTCC)。实验结果表明,在反应时间达到或超过9 0h时,得到的HTCC产品的接枝度超过90 0%,在pH=6 7～7 0的水中可完全溶解形成w(HTCC)=3 0%的溶液。IR和1HNMR的结果表明,接枝反应主要发生在CTS的氨基上。     

Surface photografting polymerization of vinyl acetate,maleic anhydride,and their charge‐transfer complex. VI. Charge‐transfer complex (2)

The photografting copolymerization of a low‐density polyethylene/vinyl acetate (VAC)–maleic anhydride (MAH) binary monomer system was studied from the perspective of dynamics. The total conversion percentage (CP) and grafting conversion percentage (CG) were measured by gravimetry. On the basis of plots of CP and CG as functions of the polymerization time, the total polymerization rate (RP) and grafting polymerization rate (RG) were calculated. In addition, the apparent activation energy (E_a) and the reaction orders of the photografting polymerization under different reaction conditions, such as the total monomer concentration and the concentration of benzophenone (BP), were determined also. The results showed that, in comparison with the photografting polymerization of the two single monomers (VAC and MAH), RP and RG noticeably increased for the VAC–MAH binary monomer system. When the total monomer concentration was kept at 4M, the apparent E_a's of the three photografting polymerization systems were as follows: for VAC ([MAH]/[VAC] = 0/4), E_a's for the total polymerization and grafting polymerization were 41.00 and 43.90 kJ/mol, respectively; for MAH ([MAH]/[VAC] = 4/0, E_a's were 39.65 and 43.23 kJ/mol, respectively; and for the VAC–MAH binary monomer system, E_a's were 34.35 and 40.32 kJ/mol, respectively. These results suggested that the polymerization of the binary system occurred more readily than the other two. The reaction orders of RP with respect to the total monomer concentration of the monomers and the concentration of BP were 1.34 and 0.81, respectively. According to these investigations, it could be inferred that in the binary monomer system, both the free monomers and charge‐transfer complex took part in the polymerization; to the termination of the propagating chains, two possible pathways, unimolecular termination and bimolecular termination, coexisted in this binary monomer system. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 95: 910–915, 2005